Смерть(The death) Графика.

Print made by Monogrammist M. 1530-1580

Print made by Frans Menton
After Angelo Speeck.1568

Несмотря на популярность темы смерти в средневековом искусстве, ее образ долгое время имел весьма расплывчатые очертания. Сначала она выступала в облике апокалиптического всадника, проносящегося над грудой поверженных тел, затем в виде низвергающейся с высоты Эринии с крылами летучей мыши, далее в образе демона, который лишь в XV в. сменяется образом черта, а в последствии и скелета.

Print made by Mair von Landshut
1499
Час смерти- она стреляет с балкона по молодым парам.
The hour of death; young couples and musicians outside a building, from which Death shoots an arrow. 1499

Фрагмент
Print made by Mair von Landshut
1499
The hour of death (fragment); a young couple is seen within a building; at the entry sits a monkey on a ledge. 1499
Engraving
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After Master W & key
1480-1490 (c.)
Man of Sorrows, Skulls, Scenes from the Dance of Death; six roundels aligned in three rows; sheet six of the series

Print made by Matthias van Sommer
1650-1670
Allegory on death and eternal life; with Death standing among clouds and holding a young woman with her hands joined in prayer and an old woman trying to reach for a goblet filled with coins at lower right.
Engraving

--------------------------16 век----------------------------------

After Marcantonio
Date
1500-1527
A personification of Death, winged, leaning its right hand on a scythe and resting its left arm on its left hip; copy after Marcantonio

Print made by Albrecht Dürer
Coat of arms with a skull; a woman wearing a bridal crown is standing on the left, approached from behind by a hairy wild man; with a large winged helmet on the right and a shield with a skull as coat of arms in the centre. 1503

Print made by Agostino Veneziano
After Baccio Bandinelli
'The Skeletons'; a group of elderly emaciated men gathered around a winged figure skeleton of Death holding a book; some kneel on the ground holding the head of a lying skeleton.
1518

After Baccio Bandinelli (biographical details | all objects)
Print made by Marco da Ravenna (biographical details | all objects)
Date
1518-1525
'The Skeletons'; a group of elderly emaciated men gathered around a winged figure skeleton of Death holding a book; some kneel on the ground holding the head of a lying skeleton

Print made by Monogrammist M
1530-1580
Death at the left holding an hourglass surprising a naked woman who gazes at herself in a mirror, in the lower left is a wing
Engraving

After Jacob Binck
Print made by Allaert Claesz.
1520-1550
A fallen foot soldier desperately tries to defend himself from Death, who pins the soldier down with his foot, about to strike with a sword; copy after Jacob Binck (similar to Hollstein 111)
Engraving

Print made by Giovanni Paolo Cimerlino
1540-1570
The aviary of death, skeletons appear at the left, another chases people in the centre, musicians sit at the right
Etching

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Print made by Georg Pencz
The triumph of death; death as a skeleton holding a scythe riding a chariot drawn by two bulls to right; dead or dying figures on his path including a king and a pope and bishop; in background a burning city; from a series of six engravings; another impression. c.1539

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Print made by Sebald Beham
Death and the standing nude woman; reverse copy after Sebald Beham (Pauli 151); Death as a winged skeleton standing behind a nude whole-length female figure in frontal view, grabbing her wrists; an hourglass at right, a stone block at left. 1547
Engraving
----------------------Sebald Beham -------------------------

After Sebald Beham
1531-1600
Death and the three nude women; after Sebald Beham (Pauli 152); three whole-length female figures; the old woman at left in profile to right, the large figure at centre seen from behind, placing her right foot on a skull; the third woman at right in frontal view; Death as a skeleton standing behind the group.

Print made by Sebald Beham )
Date
1541
The Lady and Death; whole-length female figure in profile to right, behind her death in a fool's costume, presenting her with flowers and an hourglass; a low embankment with a flower in a vase at r. 1541

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--------------Heinrich Aldegrever --------------------------
------------After Hans Holbein the Younger.1541------------------
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The Power of Death/ Allegory of Original Sin and Death
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Plate 1: The Creation of Eve; God at right standing behind the sleeping Adam, cutting open his side; from a series of eight engravings after Hans Holbein the Younger. 1541
Engraving

Plate 2: The Fall of Mankind; Eve standing at right, picking an apple from the Tree of Knowledge with her right hand and passing another with her left hand to Adam seated at left; from a series of eight engravings after Hans Holbein the Younger. 1541

Plate 3: The expulsion from Paradise; the angel at upper right holding a sword, driving out Adam and Eve and Death as a skeleton towards l; from a series of eight engravings after Hans Holbein the Younger. 1541
Engraving

Plate 4: Adam ploughing; together with Death as a skeleton in left foreground; at right Eve nursing a child; from a series of eight engravings after Hans Holbein the Younger. 1541
Engraving

Plate 5: Death and the Pope; Death standing next to the pope seated on a baldachin at left; the Pope holding the imperial crown with which he is about to invest the kneeling emperor at right; a cardinal and bishop standing at right, behind them another figure of Death holding up an hourglass; a devil hovering on the pope's baldachin; from a series of eight engravings after Hans Holbein the Younger. 1541

Plate 7:
Death and the Bishop; Death holding an hourglass leading a bishop to right; a shepherd in left background, a sheep next to the bishop at left; landscape background; from a series of eight engravings after Hans Holbein the Younger. 1541

Plate 6: Death and the Cardinal; the cardinal seated at right, presented with a sealed bull by a messenger at left; Death holding an hourglass standing behind the cardinal; from a series of eight engravings after Hans Holbein the Younger. 1541

Plate 8: Death and the Abbot; the fat abbot seated at right, being helped out of his chair by Death; another figure of Death walking off with a mitre and crozier; from a series of eight engravings after Hans Holbein the Younger. 1541
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After Hans Holbein the Younger
Death and the Empress; after Holbein the Younger; Death at left holding the right hand of the Empress at right; from 'Todten-Tanz, wie derselbe in der löblichen Stadt Basel zu sehen ist', Frankfurt: Merian, 1649; impression without letterpress.
1621
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Attributed to Dirk Volkertsz Coornhert
1534-1590
Triumph of Death. Allegorical scene with personification of Death in upper part, holding a scythe, personification of Knowledge lying dead in lower part, with broken candle and book beside her, a city along a bay in the middle ground

Attributed to Dirk Volkertsz Coornhert
Date
1534-1590
Triumph of Fame. Allegorical scene with personification of Fame in upper part, holding a trumpet, personification of Death lying dead in lower part, with broken scythe, trees in the middle ground
Engraving

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Print made by Frans Menton
After Angelo Speeck
A couple seated at a table at right surpised by Death appearing at the left and aiming a spear against the woman's chest.
1568
Engraving
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Misery of Human Life
Print made by Philips Galle
is endangered by poverty, imprisonment and death. Allegorical scene with three personifications ('poverty' as old woman dressed in rags; 'imprisonment' as man with cuffed hands; 'death' as a man stumbling and about to fall on a sword) walking behind each other at centre, landscape with burning city and mountains in background; unsigned; lower margin with letterpress cut.
1563

Les Ages de l'homme (The Ages of Man)
Print made by D de Vosthem
Date
16thC (late)

After Jacob de Gheyn II
Date
1595
Two misers and Death; the two misers sit at a table laden with coins; one of the misers holds scales and sits under a clock; Death embraces the other miser and holds an arrow to his chest; a German copy after De Gheyn

------------------"Пляски смерти"----------------------------

Термин "danse macabre" не имеет буквального перевода; его этимология не может считаться окончательно установленной. "Смерть" по-французски - "la mort", а не "macabre". История проникновения во французский язык слова "macabre", а также возникновение странного словосочетания "пляска смерти" до сих пор является предметом оживленных дискуссий между историками и филологами различных направлений и школ.

"Пляски смерти", - писал российский историк культуры, - которые мы теперь знаем по отдельным разрозненным искусствам, в виде фресок или гравюр, изображающих танцы, в виде стихов, в виде песен, были единым духовным действием". "Моралитэ "пляски смерти" разыгрывались, по-видимому, в дни поминовения мертвых; это были или процессии, где смерть, играя на флейте вела за собой людей всех сословий, начиная от папы … или хороводы, также всех рангов, где каждый живой имел своей парой смерть … или же танцы парами, где смерть каждого в отдельности приглашает танцевать с ней".

-----------------Dance macabre-by Allaert Claesz----------------

=============================1562===================================

Print made by Allaert Claesz.
A dancing couple with Death playing a xylophone; Death as a skeleton at r; landscape background; from a series of seven engravings. 1562

Print made by Allaert Claesz.
Death dressed as a fool pursuing a couple; Death holding up an hourglass; the man at centre pushing him away from the fleeing woman, whose hand Death has grasped; from a series of seven engravings. 1562

Death as a nobleman leading away a woman; Death wearing a tall hat with feathers at left; showing an hourglass to the woman whose hand he has taken; a male figure holding her other hand at r; from a series of seven engravings. 1562

The old man and his young wife embraced by Death; the couple shaking hands; the woman at left holding a lily; Death as a skeleton standing between them, wearing an ivy wreath and holding an hourglass; from a series of seven engravings. 1562

A falconer, his wife and Death as a hunter; Death wearing a cape with two feathers attached to the hood, also holding an hourglass; the woman at centre; the man at r, the falcon sitting on his left hand; from a series of seven engravings. 1562

A couple with Death playing a drum; Death as a skeleton standing at left; the woman in at centre in profile to left; the man at right in three-quarter profile to left; a dog in left foreground; from a series of seven engravings. 1562

---------------------17 век----------------------------
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Hieronymus Wierix
Date
1610-1620
A couple threatened by Time and Death; Time approaches a semi-naked couple holding a mirror and the man points to the reflection; behind the couple lurks Death in a dark cavern
Engraving

Print made by Hieronymus Wierix
1619 (before)

Death seen at centre, holding an hour-glass and a sickle, trampling over the personification of concupiscence, earthly riches and pride.
Engraving

Print made by Abraham Bosse
Date
1621-1676
Memento mori: a man busy counting his fortune while Death is standing behind him, holding a sandglass and a scythe, and a demon is lifting the floor from which flames are coming out; above them is an angel holding a banderole

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A couple dancing with Death / Mors Loquitur and Alloquitur Mortem
Crispijn de Passe the elder
Date
1600
Dance macabre (two plates); a finely attired man dances with the skeletal Death who holds up a winged hour-glass; a finely attired woman with shrouded Death behind and a formal garden beyond; printed on a full-sheet

A couple dancing with Death / Mors Loquitur and Alloquitur Mortem
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Print made by Werner van den Valckert
1610-1620
Death, with snake hair and wings, points an arrow at a woman; she sits at a table counting her wealth but tilts sideways; a man, at r, attempts to assault Death and raises a sword
Etching

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Boëtius Adamsz. Bolswert
Published by Boëtius Adamsz.
Date
1600-1633 Death. Landscape with a man wearing a feathered hat and standing at centre, an angel at left, a devil seen from behind at right, personification of Death ready to spear the man beyond, Christ looking down from a cloud in top centre, several figures in flames in Hell in foreground; after Boëtius Adamsz Bolswert

by Schelte Adamsz. Bolswert
1600-1659

Allegory of Death. Christ standing on top of a personification of Death and a dragon at centre, two putti spearing the dragon, other putti at right of which one is holding broken ropes and cuffs, another one is holding a chalice
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Print made by Giuseppe Maria Mitelli
Young couple dancing to the sound of blind-folded Cupid; Death as a skeleton waits behind the curtain.
1686

Giuseppe Maria Mitelli (Print made by); Death as a skeleton attacks with his scythe a man in bed who blows at him.
1706

After Artemisia Gentileschi
1680-1690
Represenation of death; male infant, naked apart from a loose sheet, lying on a ledge with head on a cushion; skull alongside.

------------------------18 век--------------------------------------
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Drawn by John Flaxman
Date
1755-1826
Admetus rescuing Alcestis from the grave; Admetus at the left, supports the form of Alcestis with his arm, while Death, a shrouded figure, seeks to drag her back in to the tomb
Pen and grey ink and wash

Print made by John Hamilton Mortimere of Death in armour holding a skull, standing whole-length with arm resting on rocks at left; after a drawing in the BM collection (1975,U.1591.29). c.1778

Print made by Jacques Meheux
1660-1703
Parable of the rich fool: old couple sitting at a table and counting money, with, behind them, Death personified, armed with scythe, and raising a sandglass to signify that their time has come
Mezzotint

Print made by Thomas A E Chambars
After Francis Hayman
1783

After Frans Francken I
Print made by Jacob Gole
1675-1724

To left, Death, as a skeleton with a violin, fiddling before a middle-aged man seated at a desk covered with coins and documents; in the background, to right, seen through a door, Death visiting a younger gentleman; after Frans Francken II

Published by John Boydell
After Francis Hayman
A sickly man, lying in his bed, opens his arms to Time, at the left, who holds a scythe and an hourglass that has almost expired, surrounding him on shelves and tables are various religious and philosophical books. 1783

Print made by Thomas Patch
1768
Sterne and Death. Description to follow.
Etching

----------------------19 век--------------------------------
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Printed by Breitkopf and Härtel
(Death the Strangler - The first outbreak of cholera at a masked ball in Paris 1831.)
Death personified, holding two bones as if he was playing the violin; surrounding him, the bodies of three dead people lying on the floor; in the top left corner, a group of musicians leaving the room; in the background to right; Cholera personified, dressed in Egyptian fancy dress seated on stairs. 1851

Printed by Breitkopf and Härtel
Death personified pulling the strings attached to the church bells; the ringer, dead or asleep, is seated in an armchair in the back right corner of the room; stairs to left; view into the distance with rising sun in the background. 1851